Guide

What changed for Class Q on 21 May 2024

Updated

Half the Class Q advice online still describes the pre-2024 rules. Here is the before and after, taken from the two versions of the same provision.

The substitution

Class Q was substituted in full, not amended, with effect from 21 May 2024 by the Town and Country Planning (General Permitted Development etc.) (England) (Amendment) Order 2024, S.I. 2024/579, article 3 (legislation.gov.uk). That is why old guidance reads so differently: it is describing a provision that no longer exists in that form.

Before and after

Class Q limits before and after 21 May 2024
PointUntil 20 May 2024From 21 May 2024
Number of homes per unitMaximum 5Maximum 10
Size of homesUp to 3 larger homes within 465 sq m cumulative, plus up to 5 smaller homes of 100 sq m eachOne size class: each home up to 150 sq m
Cumulative floor space465 sq m for larger dwellinghouses1,000 sq m across the unit
Agricultural use date testSole agricultural use as part of a unit on 20 March 2013Part of the unit on 24 July 2023, or 10 years
ExtensionsNone permittedOne single storey rear extension, up to 4m deep, on existing hard surface
Natural lightA prior approval matterA prior approval matter the authority must refuse on if not met

The pre-2024 wording is preserved as a point in time version on legislation.gov.uk, which is how the left hand column above can be quoted rather than remembered (version as at 20 May 2024).

What got harder, not easier

  • The date test moved forward a decade. A building that qualified on the 20 March 2013 test does not automatically qualify on the 24 July 2023 test.
  • Non-agricultural use since leaving the unit is now an express bar, which catches barns let for storage or workshops.
  • The nationally described space standard applies, so the building must be capable of complying with it (gov.uk).
  • Suitable existing access to a public highway is a hard condition, not a matter for negotiation at prior approval.

What got easier

More homes, a larger cumulative envelope, a single and generous 150 square metre size limit instead of the awkward larger and smaller dwellinghouse split, and for the first time a modest rear extension. For a unit with several redundant buildings, the practical capacity roughly doubled.

If a consultant, agent or article quotes 465 square metres, 100 square metre smaller dwellings or five homes, it is out of date. Check the date on anything you rely on.

Questions, answered directly

How many houses can you build under Class Q?

Up to 10 dwellinghouses within the original limits of one established agricultural unit, with a cumulative floor space limit of 1,000 square metres, and no single home exceeding 150 square metres. Any previous Class Q development on the unit counts towards both totals.

Did Class Q change in 2024?

Yes. Class Q was substituted in full with effect from 21 May 2024 by S.I. 2024/579. The number of homes rose from 5 to 10, the two size classes were replaced by a single 150 square metre limit, the agricultural use date test moved from 20 March 2013 to 24 July 2023, and a single storey rear extension became permitted.

Check it before you draw it

Eight questions against the current Class Q text. Most schemes fail on history or designations, not design.

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